1. Describe how people struggled to survive during the depression.
During the Depression, in the city people lost their jobs, were evicted from their homes, and were forced to sleep in the streets. People made houses out of whatever they could. After awhile shantytowns, towns made of shacks, began popping up. Soup kitchens offered free to low cost meals. Bread lines organized by charities and public agencies offered food to people who waited in lines. Both means of recieving food cheaply became a common site. African Americans and Latinos were targeted by whites who competed for the same jobs. 24 African Americans were lynched and thousands of Latinos deported. Both were faced with a higher unemployment rate and lower pay.
During the Depression, in rural areas, many farmers could grow crops to feed their families. Although they had one advantage over city living, their lives were still difficult because numerous farmers lost their land and were forced to foreclose their farms to falling prices and increasing debt. This eventually led to many of them living a life of tenant farming.
2. How was what happened to men during the Great Depression different from what happened to women? Children?
During the Great Depression many men had great difficulty dealing with unemployment because they were so used to working. They wandered the streets looking for jobs. After years of unemployment many left their families. Hoboes, mostly men, began wandering the country. Some even found relief in homeless shelters located in big cities.
Women were faced with similar hardships. Finding jobs was not easy and when they did, they were often paid less than most men. During the Depression working women became targeted because many people believed women, especially married ones, should not work when there was a large number of unemployed men. Women also worked within their households to carefully manage budgets. They canned food and sewed clothes to save money. Many Americans assumed women had it easier than men during the Depression because they were not seen on the streets begging or in the bread lines; this was not the case because most were actually starving. Many were ashamed to admit to their hardships.
Children faced equal hardships. Poor diets and a lack of money for healthcare led to serious health problems such as malnutrition and disease. Child-welfare was underfunded due to the Depression. School years were cut and some schools even closed also due to a lack of fundment. This left thousands of teenagers out of school and instead working in horrible conditions. Many teenagers avoided the suffering by hopping freight trains and touring the country. Life was still not easy because riding was still dangerous. Many were beaten or jailed by freight yard patrolmen, forced to sleep standing up to the hum of the deafening rumble, and the others were sometimes killed by murderous criminals.
3. Describe the causes and effects (on people) because of the Dust Bowl.
The Dust Bowl was caused due to farming techniques in the previous decade. Farmers across the country had used tractors to break up the grasslands and plant millions of acres of farmland. the plowing removed the protective layer of prairie grass. Farmers continued to exhausten the land by overproducing goods. Then the grasslands became unsuitable for farming. When the drought and winds began in the early 1930s it was too late and there was not enough grass and trees left to hold down the soil.
The effects of the Dust Bowl forced farmers to leave their land and houses when topsoil was blown around exposing sand and grit. These families left and went west. By the end of the 1930s thousands of farm families had migrated to California and the West Coast states.
Objective: Summarize the initial steps Franklin D. Roosevelt took to reform banking and finance.
4. What was the New Deal and its three general goals? (The 3 Rs)
The New Deal was a program designed to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression. The program consisted of meeting with a team of hand picked advisers and Roosevelt formulating a set of policies for his new administration. The three general goals of the New Deal was to provide relief to the needy, economy recovery, and financial reform.
5. What did Roosevelt do during the Hundred Days?
During the Hundred Days, Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of the New Deal legislation. Roosevelt declared a bank holiday and closed all banks to prevent more withdrawals. He then persuaded Congress to pass the Emergency Banking Relief Act, which would allow the Treasury Department to inspect all banks; they would reopen the sound ones and keep the ones who were unable to repay their debts closed and then assist them to receive loans. Roosevelt addressed the nation through fireside chats, which informed them about the New Deal and explained the banking system and how it's welfare depended on the support of the people. Next Congress continues toward reorganization of the banking system by passing the Glass-Steagall Act. The Glass-Steagall Act established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), which provided federal insurance for personal bank accounts of up to $5000. This assured bank customers that their money was safe. It also required banks to act carefully with their customers' money. Then Roosevelt worked on regulating the stock market and passed the Federal Securities Act, which required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them reliable for all misrepresntations. To raise government revenue by taxing alcohol, Roosevelt persuaded Congress to allow a bill which would allow the manufacturing and sale of some alcohol.
6. Why were Roosevelt's fireside chats significant?
Roosevelt's fireside chats were significant because they explained in clear simple language the measures of Roosevelt's New Deal to all American listeners. He continued by explaining the bankinf sytem and why the nation;s welfare depended on the public's support of the government. Finally he finished by explaining that banks would fail when too many people demanded their saving in cash. This caused people to again believe in and trust the banking system; this is hown when people returned their savings to banks.
7. Describe four significant agencies and/or bills that tightened regulation of banking and finance. A. The Glass-Steagall Act established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), which provided federal insurance for personal bank accounts of up to $5000. This assured bank customers that their money was safe. It also required banks to act carefully with their customers' money.
B. Roosevelt passed the Federal Securities Act, which required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them reliable for all misrepresntations.
C. Congress passed the Emergency Banking Relief Act, which would allow the Treasury Department to inspect all banks; they would reopen the sound ones and keep the ones who were unable to repay their debts closed and then assist them to receive loans.
D. Congress created the Securities and Exchange Comission was created to regulate the stock market. One of it's goals was to prevent people with inside knowledge about companies from rigging the stock market for their own profit.
Saturday, January 30, 2010
Wednesday, January 27, 2010
Causes of the Great Depression Outline
The Great Depression of 1929 was not due to one major particular cause, such as the Wall Street Crash, but to a number of causes, which were equally responsible for Great Depression of 1929.
I. Introduction
A. Tell why the Wall Street Crash was equally as responsible as the other causes for the Great Depression of 1929 and how all the causes affected each other in a cycle. Other Causes...
1. Crisis in Farm Sector
2. Overproduction by American Industries
3. Unequal Distribution of Income
II. Crisis in Farm Sector
A. prices and international demand for crops rose causing farmers to take out more loans
1. for land and equipment and plant more crops
B. once the war was over the prices and demands dropped
1. farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production
III. Overproduction
A. industries in high demand during wartime, were no longer needed as greatly
1. farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production but didn't work
B. consumers bought fewer goods and services
C. farmers couldn't pay off their loans
1. forced to foreclose their farms and give them to banks as payment for the debt
IV. Unequal Distribution of Income
A. production had expanded much faster than wages
1. rich got richer and the poor got poorer
2. most Americans could not fully participate in economic advances
B. many people could not purchase the great amount of goods that the factories produced
V. Wall Street Crash
A. Banks fail
1. Farmers can't pay back their debt and must default
2. Consumers paid with credit which easily allowed debt to build up over time
VI. Conclusion
I. Introduction
A. Tell why the Wall Street Crash was equally as responsible as the other causes for the Great Depression of 1929 and how all the causes affected each other in a cycle. Other Causes...
1. Crisis in Farm Sector
2. Overproduction by American Industries
3. Unequal Distribution of Income
II. Crisis in Farm Sector
A. prices and international demand for crops rose causing farmers to take out more loans
1. for land and equipment and plant more crops
B. once the war was over the prices and demands dropped
1. farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production
III. Overproduction
A. industries in high demand during wartime, were no longer needed as greatly
1. farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production but didn't work
B. consumers bought fewer goods and services
C. farmers couldn't pay off their loans
1. forced to foreclose their farms and give them to banks as payment for the debt
IV. Unequal Distribution of Income
A. production had expanded much faster than wages
1. rich got richer and the poor got poorer
2. most Americans could not fully participate in economic advances
B. many people could not purchase the great amount of goods that the factories produced
V. Wall Street Crash
A. Banks fail
1. Farmers can't pay back their debt and must default
2. Consumers paid with credit which easily allowed debt to build up over time
VI. Conclusion
Monday, January 25, 2010
Causes & Early Effects of the Great Depression
1. What happened on "Black Tuesday"?
On Black Tuesday the Stock Market crashed.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
During the 1920s economic trends in industry helped to cause the Great Depression when key industries barely made a profit. Industries such as mining and lumbering, which once were in high demand during wartime, were no longer needed as greatly. New forms of energy such as hydroelectric, fuel oil, and natural gas gave coal mining stiff competition. Railroads lost business to new forms of transportation. Although the boom industries of automobiles, construction, and consumer goods became weakened too. A major indicator of an economic downturn would be the decline in new dwellings being built. A decline in this area affected jobs in other related areas such as lumbering and furniture manufacturing.
During the 1920s economic trends in agriculture helped to cause the Great Depression. During the World War I the prices and international demand for crops rose which caused farmers to take out more loans for land and equipment and plant more crops. However, once the war was over, the prices and demands dropped. Farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production and sell more crops but this put them in even more debt. Many couldn't pay off their loans and were forced to foreclose their farms and give them to banks as payment for the debt. When farmers began to default on their loans they caused many rural banks to fail. Congress tried to help farmers out by passing a bill, which called for federal price-supporters for key products but President Coolidge vetoed the bill twice.
During the 1920s economic trends with consumers helped to cause the Great Depression when they bought fewer goods and services. This was because of rising prices, unbalanced distribution of income, and overbuying of credit in previous years. The gap between the rich and the poor increased when production had expanded much faster than wages. Basically during the 1920s the rich got richer and the poor got poorer. An unequal distribution in income meant that most Americans could not fully participate in economic advances. Many people could not purchase the great amount of goods that the factories produced. Also consumers paid with credit which easily allowed debt to build up over time.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were the decline in demand for key industries and agriculture, consumers not buying products, the widening gap between the rich and poor, and people not being able to pay off their debts.
------
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover’s philosophy of government was that it was the government's role to ecourage and facilitate cooperation between business and labor, and not to control it.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929 wasto call together key leaders in fieldsof business, banking, andlabor, urging them to work together to find solutions to the nation's economic woes and to act in ways that would not make the bad situation at hand worse. He also created a special organization to help private charitiesgenerate contributions for the poor.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nation’s economic situation in 1930 was continuously getting worse
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Voters in 1930 responded to this situation by voting against Hoover and the Republicans. Democrats won more seats in Congress causing Republicans to lose control of the House of Representatives and their majority in Senate dwindle to one vote.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover began negotiations among private entities for the economic situation. Hoover also created the National Credit Corporation to prop up the banking system. as presidential elections were about to happen, Hoover pressed Congress to pass a series a measures that would reform banking, provide mortgage relief, and funnel more federal money into a business investment. Hoover then signed the Federal Home Loan Bank Act in 1932 which lowered mortgage rates for homeowners and allowed farmers to refinance their farm loans and avoid foreclosure. In January of 1932 Hoover's Reconstruction Finance Corporation was approved by Congress. The RFC was given up to $2 billion for emergency bank financing, life insurance companies, railroads, and other large businesses.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy responded to his efforts by still continuing to fail and decline.
On Black Tuesday the Stock Market crashed.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
During the 1920s economic trends in industry helped to cause the Great Depression when key industries barely made a profit. Industries such as mining and lumbering, which once were in high demand during wartime, were no longer needed as greatly. New forms of energy such as hydroelectric, fuel oil, and natural gas gave coal mining stiff competition. Railroads lost business to new forms of transportation. Although the boom industries of automobiles, construction, and consumer goods became weakened too. A major indicator of an economic downturn would be the decline in new dwellings being built. A decline in this area affected jobs in other related areas such as lumbering and furniture manufacturing.
During the 1920s economic trends in agriculture helped to cause the Great Depression. During the World War I the prices and international demand for crops rose which caused farmers to take out more loans for land and equipment and plant more crops. However, once the war was over, the prices and demands dropped. Farmers thought the solution to this was to increase production and sell more crops but this put them in even more debt. Many couldn't pay off their loans and were forced to foreclose their farms and give them to banks as payment for the debt. When farmers began to default on their loans they caused many rural banks to fail. Congress tried to help farmers out by passing a bill, which called for federal price-supporters for key products but President Coolidge vetoed the bill twice.
During the 1920s economic trends with consumers helped to cause the Great Depression when they bought fewer goods and services. This was because of rising prices, unbalanced distribution of income, and overbuying of credit in previous years. The gap between the rich and the poor increased when production had expanded much faster than wages. Basically during the 1920s the rich got richer and the poor got poorer. An unequal distribution in income meant that most Americans could not fully participate in economic advances. Many people could not purchase the great amount of goods that the factories produced. Also consumers paid with credit which easily allowed debt to build up over time.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were the decline in demand for key industries and agriculture, consumers not buying products, the widening gap between the rich and poor, and people not being able to pay off their debts.
------
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover’s philosophy of government was that it was the government's role to ecourage and facilitate cooperation between business and labor, and not to control it.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929 wasto call together key leaders in fieldsof business, banking, andlabor, urging them to work together to find solutions to the nation's economic woes and to act in ways that would not make the bad situation at hand worse. He also created a special organization to help private charitiesgenerate contributions for the poor.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
The nation’s economic situation in 1930 was continuously getting worse
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
Voters in 1930 responded to this situation by voting against Hoover and the Republicans. Democrats won more seats in Congress causing Republicans to lose control of the House of Representatives and their majority in Senate dwindle to one vote.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
Hoover began negotiations among private entities for the economic situation. Hoover also created the National Credit Corporation to prop up the banking system. as presidential elections were about to happen, Hoover pressed Congress to pass a series a measures that would reform banking, provide mortgage relief, and funnel more federal money into a business investment. Hoover then signed the Federal Home Loan Bank Act in 1932 which lowered mortgage rates for homeowners and allowed farmers to refinance their farm loans and avoid foreclosure. In January of 1932 Hoover's Reconstruction Finance Corporation was approved by Congress. The RFC was given up to $2 billion for emergency bank financing, life insurance companies, railroads, and other large businesses.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
The economy responded to his efforts by still continuing to fail and decline.
Thursday, January 7, 2010
The Twenties Woman
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
A)Instead of wearing dark and prim anklelength dresses they bagan wearing bright waistless dresses an inch above the knees.
B)They began wearing skin toned silk stocking, sleek pumps, and strings of beads. They also started clipping their long hair into boyishbobs and dyed it black.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
A)Women began smoking cigarettes, drinking in public, and openly talking about sex.
B)They began dencing the fox trot, camel walk, tango, Charleston, and shimmy without an end.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
double standard
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Women's work opportunities improved by the requirement of extensive correspondence and record keeping which created a demand for filing clerks, typists, secretaries, stenographers, and office-machine operators.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
A) Stores overflowed with ready-made clothes, sliced bread, and canned foods.
B) Public agencies provided services for the elderly, public health clinics served the sick, and workers' compensationassisted those who could no longer work.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
A) rebellious adolescents
B) conflict between traditional and modern ways of thinking
C) increased pressure of juggling work and family life
A)Instead of wearing dark and prim anklelength dresses they bagan wearing bright waistless dresses an inch above the knees.
B)They began wearing skin toned silk stocking, sleek pumps, and strings of beads. They also started clipping their long hair into boyishbobs and dyed it black.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
A)Women began smoking cigarettes, drinking in public, and openly talking about sex.
B)They began dencing the fox trot, camel walk, tango, Charleston, and shimmy without an end.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
double standard
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Women's work opportunities improved by the requirement of extensive correspondence and record keeping which created a demand for filing clerks, typists, secretaries, stenographers, and office-machine operators.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
A) Stores overflowed with ready-made clothes, sliced bread, and canned foods.
B) Public agencies provided services for the elderly, public health clinics served the sick, and workers' compensationassisted those who could no longer work.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
A) rebellious adolescents
B) conflict between traditional and modern ways of thinking
C) increased pressure of juggling work and family life
Wednesday, January 6, 2010
Prohibition and the Scopes Trial
Do you think the passage of the Volstead Act and the ruling in the Scopes trial represented genuine triumphs for traditional values?
Think About:
• changes in urban life in the 1920s
• the effects of Prohibition
• the legacy of the Scopes trial
I believe the passage of the Volstead Act and the ruling in the Scopes trial did not represent genuine triumphs for traditional values. Many changes in society led to the breaking of traditions. To begin with cities became more crowded while people left small towns. The city was a different world full of competition and change that tolerated drinking, gambling, and casual dating. All these behaviors would never have been accepted in the small towns.
Traditional values were slowly dying and Prohibition did not do much to help reverse these effects. Prohibition was the 18th Amendment which stated the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages was legally prohibited. Traditionalists believed alcohol was the root of all evils including corruption. They believed that drinking too much alcohol led to crime, wife and child abuse, accidents on the job, and other serious social problems. Since the amendment took effect right after World War I, Americans were tired of making sacrifices and just wanted to enjoy life. Prohibition, at first, did lead to a decline in arrests for drunkenness and closed saloon doors but soon after many people began to disregard the law. Most immigrant groups were displeased by this amendment because they believed drinking was not a sin but more as a natural part of socializing. In 1919 the Volstead Act established the Prohibition Bureau in the Treasury Department. The only problem was it was underfunded. With no respect for the law and underfunded enforcement the amendment began to fail. Speakeasies, hidden saloons and nightclubs, could be found everywhere. People learned how to distill alcohol and built their own stills. With a prescription, alcohol could be used as medicine and also for religious purposes. People also bought alcohol from bootlegger who smuggled alcohol into the country. It got worse as organized crime began to develop. Discontent grew and by the mid-1920s only 19 percent of Americans supported Prohibition; it was later repealed in 1933 by the 21st Amendment. Prohibition caused worse effects than the initial problem and led people to go against traditional values.
There was more controversy in the 1920's but this time it was between fundamentalists and secular thinkers. Fundamentalists believed in God and all the truths of the Bible. This led them to reject the idea of evolution supported by scientists. In March 1925 a law, first of its kind, was passed in Tennessee making it illegal to teach evolution. John Scopes did so anyways with the support of the American Civil Liberties Union. He was arrested and his trial was set. The trail became known as the Scopes trial and was more so a fight over evolution and the role of science and religion in public schools and in American society than a question of Scopes's guilt or innocence. In the end Scopes was found guilty but the Tennessee Supreme Court later changed the verdict on technicality but the law, which made it a crime to teach evolution, remained in effect.
All these events were examples of changes and conflicts during the 1920's which did not result in genuine triumphs for traditional values and showed the greater presence of modern ideas.
Think About:
• changes in urban life in the 1920s
• the effects of Prohibition
• the legacy of the Scopes trial
I believe the passage of the Volstead Act and the ruling in the Scopes trial did not represent genuine triumphs for traditional values. Many changes in society led to the breaking of traditions. To begin with cities became more crowded while people left small towns. The city was a different world full of competition and change that tolerated drinking, gambling, and casual dating. All these behaviors would never have been accepted in the small towns.
Traditional values were slowly dying and Prohibition did not do much to help reverse these effects. Prohibition was the 18th Amendment which stated the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages was legally prohibited. Traditionalists believed alcohol was the root of all evils including corruption. They believed that drinking too much alcohol led to crime, wife and child abuse, accidents on the job, and other serious social problems. Since the amendment took effect right after World War I, Americans were tired of making sacrifices and just wanted to enjoy life. Prohibition, at first, did lead to a decline in arrests for drunkenness and closed saloon doors but soon after many people began to disregard the law. Most immigrant groups were displeased by this amendment because they believed drinking was not a sin but more as a natural part of socializing. In 1919 the Volstead Act established the Prohibition Bureau in the Treasury Department. The only problem was it was underfunded. With no respect for the law and underfunded enforcement the amendment began to fail. Speakeasies, hidden saloons and nightclubs, could be found everywhere. People learned how to distill alcohol and built their own stills. With a prescription, alcohol could be used as medicine and also for religious purposes. People also bought alcohol from bootlegger who smuggled alcohol into the country. It got worse as organized crime began to develop. Discontent grew and by the mid-1920s only 19 percent of Americans supported Prohibition; it was later repealed in 1933 by the 21st Amendment. Prohibition caused worse effects than the initial problem and led people to go against traditional values.
There was more controversy in the 1920's but this time it was between fundamentalists and secular thinkers. Fundamentalists believed in God and all the truths of the Bible. This led them to reject the idea of evolution supported by scientists. In March 1925 a law, first of its kind, was passed in Tennessee making it illegal to teach evolution. John Scopes did so anyways with the support of the American Civil Liberties Union. He was arrested and his trial was set. The trail became known as the Scopes trial and was more so a fight over evolution and the role of science and religion in public schools and in American society than a question of Scopes's guilt or innocence. In the end Scopes was found guilty but the Tennessee Supreme Court later changed the verdict on technicality but the law, which made it a crime to teach evolution, remained in effect.
All these events were examples of changes and conflicts during the 1920's which did not result in genuine triumphs for traditional values and showed the greater presence of modern ideas.
Sunday, January 3, 2010
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
After World War I, many Americans feared that Communists would take over the country.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
First Palmer assigned J. Edgar Hoover as his special assistant. Next they hunted down suspects Communists, anarchists, and socialists. Then they seemed to forget about people;s rights by invading their privacy, not allowing legal counsel to jailed suspects, and deporting foreign born radicals without a trial at all.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
He eventually lost his standing with the American public because they decided he didn't know what he was talking about. This was decided upon because Palmer's raids failed to provide evidence of a revolutionary conspiracy. Also many thought he was just looking for a campaign issue to gain support in case his presidential aspirations followed through.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Ku Klux Klan responded to this fear by trying to drive out the foreigners along with the Roman catholics and Jews out of the country using violence.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
The Klan eventually lost popularity and membership because of its criminal activity.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare because they were put to death for the robbery and murder of a factory paymaster and his guard. Sacco and Vanzetti were anarchists as well as Italian immigrants. In their trial they provided alibis and asserted their innocence. Witnesses stated the suspects seemed to be Italian. The evidence against them was circumstantial and the judge was very prejudiced in his remarks but in the end they were found guilty. They were still put to death after many protests by people of different nations.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike was so unpopular because the public believed strike workers were Communists and when the police striked, Coolidge said, " There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time ." This meant that strikers put the public in danger and they didn;t want that.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Coolidge became so popular because he stepped in during the the Boston Police Strike by calling out the National Gaurd. People believed he saved Boston from communism and anarchy because strikers were labeled as Communists.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel was so unpopular because it resulted in the 300,000 people leaving their jobs and strikebreakers replacing them. Strike workers were beaten by the police, federal troops, and the militia. Then companies used the propaganda which linkedworkers to Communists.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
Wilson responded to the streel strike by using a written plea to the negotiators which asked for the two sides to form a compromise so that there will not be an international war.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
First Palmer assigned J. Edgar Hoover as his special assistant. Next they hunted down suspects Communists, anarchists, and socialists. Then they seemed to forget about people;s rights by invading their privacy, not allowing legal counsel to jailed suspects, and deporting foreign born radicals without a trial at all.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
He eventually lost his standing with the American public because they decided he didn't know what he was talking about. This was decided upon because Palmer's raids failed to provide evidence of a revolutionary conspiracy. Also many thought he was just looking for a campaign issue to gain support in case his presidential aspirations followed through.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
The Ku Klux Klan responded to this fear by trying to drive out the foreigners along with the Roman catholics and Jews out of the country using violence.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
The Klan eventually lost popularity and membership because of its criminal activity.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare because they were put to death for the robbery and murder of a factory paymaster and his guard. Sacco and Vanzetti were anarchists as well as Italian immigrants. In their trial they provided alibis and asserted their innocence. Witnesses stated the suspects seemed to be Italian. The evidence against them was circumstantial and the judge was very prejudiced in his remarks but in the end they were found guilty. They were still put to death after many protests by people of different nations.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
The strike was so unpopular because the public believed strike workers were Communists and when the police striked, Coolidge said, " There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time ." This meant that strikers put the public in danger and they didn;t want that.
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Coolidge became so popular because he stepped in during the the Boston Police Strike by calling out the National Gaurd. People believed he saved Boston from communism and anarchy because strikers were labeled as Communists.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
The strike at U.S. Steel was so unpopular because it resulted in the 300,000 people leaving their jobs and strikebreakers replacing them. Strike workers were beaten by the police, federal troops, and the militia. Then companies used the propaganda which linkedworkers to Communists.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
Wilson responded to the streel strike by using a written plea to the negotiators which asked for the two sides to form a compromise so that there will not be an international war.
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